Sequence stratigraphy and reservoir characterization of the lower Eocene rocks (Thebes Formation) along the Tethyan Ocean's southern margin: biostratigraphy and petrophysical parameter applications

Abstract The Egyptian lower Eocene carbonate rocks (Thebes Formation) are part of an extensive platform formed during eustatic regression along the Tethyan Ocean's southern margin. These essential in developing Egypt's petroleum system because they can operate as vertical seals specific basins or source-reservoir rocks. However, few in-depth studies have been conducted to explore diagenetic history, pore system, petrophysical characteristics, and sequence stratigraphic framework these its relationship global sequences. Multiple datasets (foraminiferal assemblages, petrographic, data) from strata exposed Wadi El-Dakhl El-Sheikh Fadl sections on western side Gulf Suez were integrated. biostratigraphic examination planktic foraminifera shows that three biozones (E5–E7) identified studied successions. reservoir quality index flow zone indicator show ranges poor fair good. primary porosity was resulted processes, including dissolution, fracturing, meteoric diagenesis, which enhanced quality. inferred benthic petrographic indicate a shallowing upward trend deposition fluctuating settings ranging upper slope middle shelf. This progressive reduction relative sea level corresponds gradual decline demonstrates control tectonic activity eustasy. Consequently, Thebes Formation deposited due sea-level changes, influenced by tectonics associated with Syrian Arc rifting.